Ⅰ 用什麼方法能代替實沸點蒸餾
恩氏蒸餾只能做常壓那段餾程,到了一定溫度,如果繼續常壓蒸餾的話,頁岩油就反應了,因為它含有大量的不飽和烴。
Ⅱ 為什麼通過實沸點蒸餾實驗並不能得到其中單體化合物的真實沸點
實沸點源蒸餾------氣壓自蒸餾
減壓蒸餾------低壓環境蒸餾
模擬蒸餾------種軟體析
恩氏蒸餾------Engler distillation
種用測定石油產品餾組經驗性標准種簡單蒸餾餾程度低能用於石油油品餾程相比較或油品輕重餾相含量作致判斷煉油工業用作油品質量重要指標
沒有意義
建議自己下去查查資料
Ⅲ 請朋友幫忙把這段話翻譯成英文 謝謝
China's crude oil proction in recent years has been hovering around 18.5 thousand tons, nearly 10 years, crude oil proction growth has also been no more than 4%, a typical example is the Daqing Oilfield, the country's oil output is currently occupied 1 / 3 of the Daqing oil field began in 2004 7 year plan to rece average annual crude oil output by about 7% in 2010 fell to 30 million-ton level. Oil instry, how to adapt to the future, this new proction situation, to participate in market competition has become a very serious problem, rece processing costs, improve economic efficiency, improve proct quality and development of high value-added fine chemical procts has become the face of China Petrochemical Instry critical work. Tower equipment is also an important petroleum chemical instry equipment, so tower equipment design and quality is essential. How to expansion efficiency, saving energy. Such as improving the tower structure and improve tower efficiency and operating flexibility. These are the towers facing designers of new research and development of new hot spots.
This paper aimed at the Daqing region based sauce, sweet paraffin base crude oil, the main tasks and objectives will be: 4 million tons / year, 330 days a year, total starts, top of the tower to take heat, the first mid-back to take heat, second heat to take the middle back the distribution of 5:2:3, based on the given crude true boiling point distillation data and procts Engler distillation data to calculate the proct of various complex decision to cut the program data to calculate the proct yield, full-tower heat balance calculation, rendering the whole tower of steam , liquid load distribution.
Ⅳ 異丙酯餾程是多少
在標准抄條件下,蒸餾石油所得的沸點范圍稱為「餾程」。即是在一定溫度范圍內該石油產品中可能蒸餾出來的油品數量和溫度的標示。
餾程是指以油品在規定條件下蒸餾所得到,從初餾點到終餾點表示蒸發特徵的溫度范圍。餾程是石油產品的主要理化指標之一,主要用來判定油品輕、重餾分組成的多少,控制產品質量和使用性能等。
採用恩氏蒸餾方法,即取100毫升試油在規定的儀器上,按規定的條件和操作方法進行。這種蒸餾是條件性的,蒸餾出的數量只是相對的比較數量,而不是真正的數值,即不是實沸點的蒸餾。但這仍然是控制汽油、煤油、噴氣燃料和柴油等輕質燃料和各種溶劑油的重要指標。異丙酯可以參考其方法。
例如醋酸異丙脂餾程餾程為(℃,760mmHg) 87.0~92.0 195.0~200.0
Ⅳ 原油實沸點蒸餾實驗常壓蒸餾為什麼將溫度降低至100攝氏度以下
減壓蒸餾
也稱真空蒸餾。原油中重餾分沸點約370~535°C,在常壓下要蒸餾出這些餾分,需要加熱到420°C以上,而在此溫度下,重餾分會發生一定程度的裂化。因此,通常在常壓蒸餾後再進行減壓蒸餾。在約2~8kPa的絕對壓力下,使在不發生明顯裂化反應的溫度下蒸餾出重組分。常壓渣油經減壓加熱爐加熱到約380~400°C送入減壓蒸餾塔。減壓蒸餾可分為潤滑油型(圖3)和燃料油型兩類。前者各餾分的分離精確度要求較高,塔板數24~26;後者要求不高,塔板數15~17。 通常用水蒸氣噴射泵(或者用機械抽真空泵)抽出不凝氣,以產生真空條件。近年來發展的乾式全填料減壓塔(見填充塔)採用金屬高效填料代替塔板,可以使全塔壓力降減少到 1.3~2.0kPa,從而可以提高蒸發率,並減少或取消塔底水蒸氣用量。 全自動原油蒸餾儀
為了在同一爐出口溫度下使常壓渣油有最大的汽化率,減壓蒸餾都將爐出口至塔的管線設計成大管徑的形式(見彩圖),以減少壓降,進而降低爐出口壓強。減壓塔頂分出的餾分減(壓、拔)頂油,一般作為柴油混入常壓三線中,減壓一線至四線作為裂化原料或潤滑油原料,塔底為減壓渣油,可作為生產殘渣潤滑油(見溶劑脫瀝青)和石油瀝青的原料,或作為石油焦化的原料,或用作燃料油。
Ⅵ 石油實沸點蒸餾、減壓蒸餾、模擬蒸餾與恩氏蒸餾的意思及區別
實沸點蒸餾------在大氣壓下,自然蒸餾
減壓蒸餾------在低壓環境下蒸餾
模擬蒸餾------一種軟專件分析方法
恩氏蒸餾------Engler distillation
一種常屬用的測定石油產品餾分組成的經驗性標准方法。是一種簡單蒸餾,分餾程度很低,只能用於石油油品餾程的相對比較或油品中輕重餾分相對含量作大致判斷。但在煉油工業中常用作油品質量的重要指標。
Ⅶ 求翻譯一篇學術摘要 萬分感謝
摘 要 Abstract:
常減壓塔蒸餾裝置作為原油的一次加工工藝,在原油加工的總流程中佔有重要作用,在煉廠具有舉足輕重的地位。它的操作平穩是保證石油產品質量的關鍵。本次設計主要是設計原油年處理能力為 萬噸的常壓塔,其次為塔板的設計。
As a part of the crude oil processing technology, the atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit plays an important function in the overall technological procere of crude oil processing. Its smooth operation is critical to the quality assurance of petroleum procts. The primary objective of this design is for the atmospheric- vacuum tower with an annual crude oil processing capacity of xx tons; the second design is for the tower trays.
設計的基本方案是:初餾塔拔出石腦油,常壓塔採取三側線,常壓塔塔頂生產汽油,三側線分別生產煤油,輕柴油,重柴油。塔底重油作催化裂化或加氫裂化裝置的原料。常壓塔的設計主要是依據所給的原油實沸點蒸餾數據及產品的恩氏蒸餾數據,計算產品的各物性數據確定切割方案、計算產品收率。
The basic design is: primary tower extracts the naphtha, the atmospheric-vacuum tower adopts three lateral lines; petroleum is proced at the top of the tower, the three lateral lines separately proce kerosene, light diesel and heavy diesel. The heavy oil at the bottom of the tower will be used as raw material for catalytic cracking unit or hydrocracking unit. The design of the atmospheric-vacuum tower is to calculate the various physical data of procts to determine the cutting plan, as well as calculate the proct yield basing mainly on the provided true boiling point distillation data of crude oil and the Engler distillation data of procts.
參考同類裝置確定塔板數、進料及側線抽出位置,在假設各主要部位的操作溫度及操作壓力,進行全塔熱平衡計算,採取塔頂二級冷凝冷卻和兩個中段迴流。塔頂取熱:第一中段迴流取熱:第二中段迴流取熱為5:2:3,最後校核各主要部位溫度都在允許的誤差范圍內。
塔板形式選用浮閥塔板,依據常壓塔內最大汽、液相負荷處算得塔徑為4.2m,板間距取0.8m。這部分最主要的是核算塔板流體力學性能及操作性能,使塔板在適宜的操作范圍內操作。
Refer to similar unit to decide on the number of tower trays, feed inlet and lateral line extraction positions. Conct the heat balance calculation of the tower with the hypothesis of the operating temperature and pressure of the various key positions; adopt tower top two-stage condensing and cooling and two middle-stage reflux. The arrangement of taking temperatures at the tower top, first middle-stage reflux and second middle-stage reflux is 5:3:2. Finally check the temperatures at various key positions are within the permissible deviations.
The type of tray used is the float valve trays; based on the maximum gas-liquid load in the tower, the tower diameter is 4.2 meters, the distance between the trays is 0.8 meter. The most important in this section is to calculate the hydrodynamic and operating performance of the tower trays, so that the tower trays are operating within the suitable operation scope.
關鍵詞:常壓塔,節能,浮閥塔板,流體力學
Key words: atmospheric-vacuum tower, energy saving, floating valve tower tray, hydrodynamic.
【英語牛人團】
Ⅷ 石油恩氏整流曲線與實沸點蒸餾曲線有何區別
實沸點蒸餾------在大氣壓下,自然蒸餾
減壓蒸餾------在低壓環境下蒸餾
模擬蒸餾------一種版軟體分析方法權
恩氏蒸餾------Engler distillation
一種常用的測定石油產品餾分組成的經驗性標准方法。是一種簡單蒸餾,分餾程度很低,只能用於石油油品餾程的相對比較或油品中輕重餾分相對含量作大致判斷。但在煉油工業中常用作油品質量的重要指標。
Ⅸ 原油的實沸點蒸餾試驗中沸點怎麼算
原油的實沸點蒸餾試驗中沸點怎麼算
實沸點蒸餾------在大氣壓下,自然蒸餾內
減壓蒸餾------在低壓環容境下蒸餾
模擬蒸餾------一種軟體分析方法
恩氏蒸餾------Engler distillation
一種常用的測定石油產品餾分組成的經驗性標准方法。是一種簡單蒸餾,分餾程度很低,只能用於石油油品餾程的相對比較或油品中輕重餾分相對含量作大致判斷。但在煉油工業中常用作油品質量的重要指標。