㈠ 谁可以帮忙提供多一些初中英语话题作文，要带翻译的。
初中英语热门话题作文例文
作者：佚名
一、如今，在我们身边，父母均在外打工的留守儿童比比皆是。关注留守儿童，事构建和谐社会的重要内容。关注留守儿童，要靠全社会的共同努力。你认为留守儿童面临的主要问题有那些？为了解决留守儿童的问题，请你向当地政府提建议。
提示：1.缺乏父母的关爱，性格孤僻，学习压力大、自卑。
2.缺乏安全保障（家庭照官不力，容易犯错误甚至犯罪）。
建议：1.学校建立留守儿童心里咨询室，老师应该把爱播撒到每一个留守儿童的心田。
2.政府利用节假日建立留守儿童家长学校。
3.社会各界开展与留守儿童一帮一结对子的活动。
4.父母尽可能回到孩子身边，给孩子生活上和学习上的帮助和关爱。
Dear Mayor:
I'm a middle school student. I'm writing to tell you something aroud us. Nowadays, there are many left-behind children whose parents work away from their hometowns. Most of them are from the coutryside, you know, they have many problem. They are always lonely and stressed out because they are short of their parents' love. At the same time, they are easy to make mistakes even do some thing against the laws, because they're short of their families' care.
How to solve their problems? In my eyes, the government can set up a parents school for these children on holidays, you can organize" hand-in-hand" activity to call on more people to help them. You can also raise money to donate to these children. As the song says:"If everyone gives their love, the world will be better." It's very important for us to pay more attention to these children if we want to build a harmonious society.
Best wishes to you!
Sincerely, Li Hua
二、小伟做了一个梦。他梦见自己为北京奥运会做一名志愿者，他努力帮助来自世界各地的外国朋友……在交谈中，小伟让外国朋友更多地了解北京。外国朋友感谢小伟，并认为小伟的英语非常好。小伟很高兴，他甜蜜地笑了…… 参考词汇：try/do one's best, find (that), heavy (lost) , carry (show, take), taxi (car, bike), on the way, talk with (with)
Xiao Wei had a dream last night . In the dream, he wolunteered to serve the Beijing Olympics. He tried his best to help the foreign friends from different countries. When he found a foreign friend worried in the street, he went up to him and asked him what was the matter. The foreigner told Xiao Wei he was Jack , and he forgot the way to the Sun Hotel. Then Xiao Wei stopped a taxi and took him to the Sun Hotel . Xiao Wei talked with Jack on the way, he made Jack know more about Beijing . Jack thanked Xiao Wei very much , he thought Xiao Wei's English was very good. Xiao Wei was very happy.He smiled and smiled. Then he woke up .......
三、去年春节期间，我国大部分地区遭受雪灾，特别是南方，室几十年未遇。公路、铁路、机场都被迫关闭，电网瘫痪，数百万人不能回家过年。部分山区人民生活异常困难，在各级政府的带领下，人民群众、解放军战士英勇抗击雪灾，涌现出大批可歌可泣的英雄事迹。作为一名中学生，你有何感想？有何打算？能不能改变这种状态？
As we know, our country suffered heavy snow last Spring Festival. Everything was covered with heavy snow. It made the buses, trains and planes stop. Millions of people couldn't go home. Many people suffered trouble. There was no food, water or light in some places. Our government called on people to fight against heavy snow. As a student, I think we should learn from those heroes. We must study hard at school. We should learn all kinds of nowledge to make our motherland stronger, better and richer.
四、假设你是李晓平，是黄冈中学的学生。请你围绕“建设和谐社会”的主题，根据下面所给出的提示，用英语给全省中学生写一封倡议书。
1．人与社会：祖国、家乡、学校，热爱关心；
2．人与人：家人、师长、同学，诚信互助；
3．人与自然：能源、环境、动植物，爱惜保护；
4．你的态度：内容由考生自己拟定。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．倡议书的开头、结尾以及提示句已为你写好，不计入词数；
3．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
Build a Harmonious Society
Dear fellow students,
Our government is going to build a "harmonious society". I think it is everyone's ty to work hard to achieve this goal.
As high school students, what should we do ?
First of all, we should love our motherland. Let's take a great interest in the development of our hometowns and take an active part in our school's activities.
Secondly, let's fill the world with love. We should show our respect for old people, our parents and our teachers. We should also care for each other and help those in need. Mostimportant of all, all of us must be faithful and honest in our daily life.
Finally, let's work together to save energy and protect our natural environment, including animals, trees, flowers and grass.
As for myself, I will study even harder and try my best to do all the above.
Dear fellow students, let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day,every hour, and every minute!
Li Xiaoping
From Huanggang High School
五、根据所给中文提示语，以“Saving the Earth’’为题写一篇80字左右的段文。注意语句扩展，意思连惯。段文开头已给出。 中文提示语： 1. 任何保护环境已成为世界最大难题之一。 2. 垃圾污染环境、损害健康，不要到处扔垃圾。 3. 废水流到江里、湖里和田地里，污染农作物，杀死大量的鱼。 4. 保持环境干净和整洁。我们只有一个地球，应该保护她，使我们的家园更加美丽。 所给词语：pollute , harm, throw, rubbish, pour, try one’s best Saving the Earth How to protect the environment becomes…..
Saving the Earth How to protect the environment becomes one of the biggest problems in the world. We can find the rubbish not only pollutes our environment but also harms people’s health. So we should not throw rubbish onto the ground. Some factories are pouring waste water into rivers, the lakes and the fields. It can pollute plants, sometimes it can kill lots of fish.We must keep our environment clean and tidy. We have only one earth. We must try our best to protect her, and make our home more beautiful
六、为了保护地球有限的资源，我们应该采取什么措施呢？请根据下面的提示写一篇约80词的短文，短文开头已经给出。
提示词；1.save water, the source of life , protect drinking water, stop polluting, make full use of it
2.save electricity, crucial, turn off, other electric machines
3. save forests, useful ,stop cutting down
4.recycle useful rubbish, save resources
Although the world develops much faster and better, the resources on the earth get fewer and fewer.In order to protect them,something must be done. Save water. Water is the source of life. No water, no life. So it’s very important for us to do so.Not only should we protect drinking water and stop polluting it, but also make full use of it. Save electricity. It is crucial. We can’t imagine what the life will be like without it.Everyone should do his best to save electricity. Don’t forget to turn off lights or other electric machines when we finish working. Save forests. They are useful .Please stop cutting them down and use recycled paper instead. Make our world a green one to live in. Recycle useful rubbish. Plenty of rubbish can be recycled like cans,paper, bottles, and so on. We can save resources in this way.
㈡ 求助，请高手帮忙翻译一下下面的几段文字
Over 20 years, scientist and the engineers start resolve Shanghai to sink to decline a problem, adopted restriction to pump water at that time of some measure, Shanghai strengthenned these measures in 2003.Request an each dozen an one mouthful a deep well, all want official permission.
Currently, mining groundwater the quantity has already had a control, the capacity of every year is 100,000,000 sign a square rice, pass these restrictions, city hall in Shanghai and related sections in the joint effort now.With decelerates the speed that Shanghai descends to sink further.
Because 20 centuries second half leaf to excessively open up of the land, big 兴 the Anne 岭's south forest edge has already retreated 200 kilometers at least, the big 兴 is one of Chinese main LIN2 QUs, there is much waterfalls in its south region, very in keeping with farming.
In the past 50 years, a great deal of forest of this regions encounter to the breakage, is open up to become farmland, according to big 兴 environmental protection the expert say, 200 kilometers of just retreat to distance in big 兴 south of keep to calculate.
The big 兴 LIN2 QU's area descend, cause the soil erosion and the river bed dried up, some places in Inner Mongolia, plant ever and thickly quilt, have already disappeared currently.A lot of rivers are already a year river often, now indeed decline the water but dried up because of lack.
In the past decade, Shanghai with equally sink to decline about 16 millimeters speed annually, with since 20's in 20 centuries, center city area in Shanghai about 600 district of the square kilometers have already equally descended to sink 2000 millimeter, some places even come to a 3000.
As early as 1921, the geologist discovers Shanghai is descending to sink, the expert thinks consistently, a main reason that sinks to decline is a groundwater to mine excessively, moreover, the fast increment of the city center skyscraper is also one of the reason that Shanghai sinks to decline.
Though this region forbids to open up in great quantities now, some farmers try to extend their farmland still, so forest still Be being eroded graally, the national forest management bureau will launch inquisition, looking up a responsibility person who result in now situation.
Pay attention to increasingly to the environment problem along with the international society, the environmental protection instry develops rapidly within the scope of world, the flourishing and national environmental protection instry increases annually 100 divide 6, but in East Asia with pulled this numeral of a little bit beautiful developing countries to then exceed 100 divide 10.
The environmental protection instry of China also in the booming development, since recent more than 10 years, the Chinese government promotes environmental protection strongly, in this kind of case, the environmental protection instry development is quick, having already become national economy an importance to constitute part.
The Chinese environmental protection instrial structure unbalance, the environmental protection service, the environmental protection proct, the market of[with] the environmental protection technique and the environmental protection funds needs a further development.The Chinese environmental protection instry contain huge potential, but have to adopt some measure to come to well exertive this kind of potential.
After big dam in Yangtse gorges starts retain water, fluid matter in Yangtze River has no occurrence variety.The wreath 卫 worker already from the water level river bed top clearance 1,990,000 ton garbages, 1,980,000 ton instrial waste, and 1500 ton dangerous odd-come-short, and carried on disinfection to 5,000,000 all toilets in the square meters.
The environment learns an estimate, fluid matter in Yangtse gorges still will keep national x-rated level, however start soar along with the reservoir water level after retain water, the water current speed reces slowly, river the by one's own sweep of the water ability will have to descend.Therefore, reservoir in Yangtse gorges still faces a huge challenge.
Decade in aftertime, China will invest about 400 忆 renminbis in the database area of Yangtse gorges, about 忆 US$48.The cent criticizes to build up 150 processing factories a processing factory with 170 city garbage, anticipate can handle this region 100 divide 85 above waste water and the garbages.
First stage, heavy celebrate to have already set up 19 dirty water processing factories with 13 garbage processing factories, they win of greatly part of will throw in movement before the reservoir water level soar to 135 meters.Locate the database area about 1000 severity pollution business enterprises to have already been close moreover
㈢ 求天然气行业英语词汇
oil field 油田
wildcat 盲目开掘的油井
percussive drilling 冲击钻探
rotary drilling 旋转钻探
offshore drilling 海底钻探
well 井，油井
derrick 井架
Christmas tree 采油树
crown block 定滑轮
travelling block 动滑轮
drill pipe, drill stem 钻杆
drill bit 钻头
roller bit 牙轮钻头
diamond bit 钻石钻头
swivel 泥浆喷嘴
turntable, rotary table 轮盘
pumping station 泵站
sampling 取样
sample 样品，样本
core sample 矿样
storage tank 储油罐
pipeline 油管
pipe laying 输油管线
oil tanker 油轮
tank car, tanker （铁路）罐车，槽车
tank truck, tanker （汽车）运油罐车，油罐车
refining 炼油
refinery 炼油厂
cracking 裂化
separation 分离
fractionating tower 分馏塔
fractional distillation 分馏
distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔
polymerizing, polymerization 聚合
reforming 重整
purification 净化
hydrocarbon 烃，碳氢化合物
crude oil, crude 原油
petrol 汽油（美作：gasoline）
LPG, liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气
LNG, liquefied natural gas 液化天然气
octane number 辛烷数，辛烷值
vaseline 凡士林
paraffin 石蜡
kerosene, karaffin oil 煤油
gas oil 柴油
lubricating oil 润滑油
asphalt 沥青
benzene 苯
fuel 燃料
natural gas 天然气
olefin 烯烃
high-grade petrol, high-octane petrol 高级汽油，高辛烷值汽油
plastic 塑料
希望可以帮到你！
㈣ 纳米材料在各个行业中的应用
（一）力学性质
高韧、高硬、高强是结构材料开发应用的经典主题。具有纳米结构的材料强度与粒径成反比。纳米材料的位错密度很低，位错滑移和增殖符合Frank-Reed模型，其临界位错圈的直径比纳米晶粒粒径还要大，增殖后位错塞积的平均间距一般比晶粒大，所以纳迷材料中位错滑移和增殖不会发生，这就是纳米晶强化效应。金属陶瓷作为刀具材料已有50多年历史，由于金属陶瓷的混合烧结和晶粒粗大的原因其力学强度一直难以有大的提高。应用纳米技术制成超细或纳米晶粒材料时，其韧性、强度、硬度大幅提高，使其在难以加工材料刀具等领域占据了主导地位。使用纳米技术制成的陶瓷、纤维广泛地应用于航空、航天、航海、石油钻探等恶劣环境下使用。
（二）磁学性质
当代计算机硬盘系统的磁记录密度超过1.55Gb/cm2，在这情况下，感应法读出磁头和普通坡莫合金磁电阻磁头的磁致电阻效应为3%，已不能满足需要，而纳米多层膜系统的巨磁电阻效应高达50%，可以用于信息存储的磁电阻读出磁头，具有相当高的灵敏度和低噪音。目前巨磁电阻效应的读出磁头可将磁盘的记录密度提高到1.71Gb/cm2。同时纳米巨磁电阻材料的磁电阻与外磁场间存在近似线性的关系，所以也可以用作新型的磁传感材料。高分子复合纳米材料对可见光具有良好的透射率，对可见光的吸收系数比传统粗晶材料低得多，而且对红外波段的吸收系数至少比传统粗晶材料低3个数量级，磁性比FeBO3和FeF3透明体至少高1个数量级，从而在光磁系统、光磁材料中有着广泛的应用。
（三）电学性质
由于晶界面上原子体积分数增大，纳米材料的电阻高于同类粗晶材料，甚至发生尺寸诱导金属——绝缘体转变（SIMIT）。利用纳米粒子的隧道量子效应和库仑堵塞效应制成的纳米电子器件具有超高速、超容量、超微型低能耗的特点，有可能在不久的将来全面取代目前的常规半导体器件。2001年用碳纳米管制成的纳米晶体管，表现出很好的晶体三极管放大特性。并根据低温下碳纳米管的三极管放大特性，成功研制出了室温下的单电子晶体管。随着单电子晶体管研究的深入进展，已经成功研制出由碳纳米管组成的逻辑电路。
（四）热学性质
纳米材料的比热和热膨胀系数都大于同类粗晶材料和非晶体材料的值，这是由于界面原子排列较为混乱、原子密度低、界面原子耦合作用变弱的结果。因此在储热材料、纳米复合材料的机械耦合性能应用方面有其广泛的应用前景。例如Cr-Cr2O3颗粒膜对太阳光有强烈的吸收作用，从而有效地将太阳光能转换为热能。